Combat Mechanics

Ranged weapons do 100% damage if within 15 units of their optimal range.
Ranged weapons do 66% damage between 16-40 units away from optimal range.
Ranged weapons do 66% damage and have a 50% chance to miss if further than 40
units away from optimal range.
Ranged weapons do 150% damage if hitting at exactly optimal range.

Anything beyond 120 distance is always counted as not within the 100% damage
zone.

Ranged attacks do 40% less damage in a round after being hit by melee.
+ or – affects from specials.

Armored and undead PCs generally cannot take more than 25% max HP + 20 defense
per round. Damage in excess of that will be turned into stagger instead at a
rate of 3 to 1.

Shifters do not benefit from these defenses, but bypass them when attacking
others.